The tooth fairy is a welcome guest for any child who has lost a tooth. Not only will the fairy leave a small gift under the child’s pillow, but they be assured of a replacement tooth in a few months. Unfortunately, the scenario is quite different for adults grappling with a loss of teeth. Luckily, there may be some hope thanks to a new study performed by scientists at Kyoto University and the University of Fukui.
A dental breakthrough
While the typical adult mouth houses 32 teeth, approximately 1% of the population exhibits variations of them, either possessing more or fewer teeth due to congenital conditions. Researchers have delved into the genetic factors behind cases of excessive teeth, seeking valuable insights into the potential regeneration of teeth in adults. This study is the first to show that monoclonal antibodies can help regrow teeth. It suggests a new way to treat a dental problem that currently requires implants and other artificial solutions.
A bit of science
The research team disclosed that an antibody targeting a specific gene, known as uterine sensitization-associated gene-1 (USAG-1), can induce tooth development in mice affected by tooth agenesis, a congenital condition. The findings were published in the journal, Science Advances.
As per Katsu Takahashi, a senior lecturer at the Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine and one of the principal contributors to the study, the essential molecules crucial for the development of teeth have already been pinpointed. “The morphogenesis of individual teeth depends on the interactions of several molecules including BMP, or bone morphogenetic protein, and Wnt signaling,” says Takahashi.
On April 13, 2021, the University of Kyoto posted its first pic of newly-grown teeth in mice.
BMP and Wnt are involved in more than just tooth development; they affect the growth of organs and tissues early in the body’s development. Because drugs affecting them directly might have broad side effects, scientists are cautious. To find a potentially safer method, researchers focused on the gene USAG-1, thinking that aiming at factors countering BMP and Wnt specifically in tooth development could be more precise.
“We knew that suppressing USAG-1 benefits tooth growth. What we did not know was whether it would be enough,” added Takahashi.
The first results
Scientists looked at how different monoclonal antibodies affect USAG-1. Monoclonal antibodies are often used to treat things like cancer and arthritis and for making vaccines. Tests with this antibody showed that BMP signaling is crucial for deciding the number of teeth in mice. Also, just one treatment was enough to grow a whole tooth. Further tests confirmed these positive results in ferrets too.
“Ferrets are diphyodont animals with similar dental patterns to humans. Our next plan is to test the antibodies on other animals, such as pigs and dogs,” explained Takahashi.
Fully regrown frontal teeth in ferrets
The next steps
Now, scientists are going to test the drug on healthy adults. If that goes well, the team plans to try it on kids aged 2 to 6 with a rare tooth problem called anodontia, a genetic disorder defined as the absence of all teeth. These kids will get one shot of the drug to see if it makes their teeth grow. If everything works out, the medicine might be approved by 2030.
Takahashi sees the new medicine as an additional choice for individuals who are missing some or all of their teeth.
“The idea of growing new teeth is every dentist’s dream,” Takahashi told the Japanese newspaper, The Mainichi in June this year. “I’ve been working on this since I was a graduate student. I was confident I’d be able to make it happen.”
So hopefully, by the year 2030, humans will get a chance to have their third generation of teeth grown and say goodbye to implants. Until then, make sure to keep your teeth strong and healthy — this article will help you with that.
Preview photo credit KyotoU_News / Twitter
My Sister Billed Me $2,145 for the Surprise Birthday Party She Planned for Me – I Was Ready to Pay Until I Looked Inside Her Wallet
Christina’s 29th birthday took an astonishing twist when her sister hosted a surprise party for her, then presented her with a bill for $2,145. Shocked and caught off guard, Christina was left speechless, her evening ruined by this financial revelation. But karma had another surprise in store, turning the situation on its head.
Hey everyone, I’m Christina! I celebrated my 29th birthday last week, and believe me, it’s a birthday I’ll remember for all the wrong reasons. Quick question: How would you react if you were asked to pay for a surprise you never requested? Because that’s exactly what happened to me…
Birthdays haven’t been my thing lately. I’ve been dealing with some severe skin problems that require treatment, and as you can guess, those medical bills are no joke. Plus, the constant pressure of rent meant that having a big celebration wasn’t something I could afford this year.
I was perfectly okay with that, though. A quiet evening at home with a cake and some Netflix sounded ideal to me.
So, picture my surprise when my sister Lori called me two days before my 29th and asked about my birthday plans. Now, Lori and I are close, but she can be a bit over the top sometimes.
“Hey Lori,” I said, balancing the phone between my ear and shoulder while folding laundry. “Honestly? Probably nothing. I need to save money for those annoying medical bills, you know the drill.”
There was a moment of silence on the other end, and for a second, I thought the call had cut out. Then, Lori sighed. A big, dramatic sigh like the kind you make when you find out the bakery is out of croissants.
“Oh, honey,” she said in a sympathetic tone. “That’s so sad. Birthdays are meant to be special! You can’t just skip yours entirely.”
“It’s not like I’m skipping it completely,” I argued while hanging a shirt on the line. “I’m just keeping it simple. Just me and…you know…some beer, maybe some cupcakes.”
And that was it. She sighed and hung up. The rest of the week dragged on, each day inching me closer to an uncertain birthday outcome.
Finally, the big day came. My phone buzzed with birthday messages from friends and even a few colleagues, which was nice. Then, around noon, my phone rang. It was Lori.
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